Who Is a Terrorist ? iv required to ensure its proportional, proper use ? Specifically, the study focuses on an issue that is often ignored—the impact the designation mechanism can have on the democratic space : its potential to infringe freedom of political expression, especially for the minority ; and to have a chilling effect on activities and discourse in civil society . The study considers these issues in light of an in - depth examination of the counter - terrorism designation regimes adopted in recent decades by the UN Security Council, the European Union, and four democratic countries : the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Germany . The study proposes a theoretical framework for evaluating the potential harm to democracy inherent in designation mechanisms, based on a combination of parameters : the grounds for designation ( is the mechanism applied only to organizations involved in carrying out extreme acts of violence, or also to groups with more indirect ties to...
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